How To Execute Leveraged Buyouts and Management Buyouts

Private equity firms like the Carlyle Group, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and many others have made huge returns for investors through buyouts.  Using financial engineering and a lot of debt these firms buy companies with little money down.  While these types of transactions create spectacular returns for investors, they often shortchange the seller and management teams that drive the business.  Thankfully, owners and managers can use these same financial tactics to buy and sell their business and have the benefit accrue to them.  

How Most Management Buyouts are Done 

Private equity firms do hundreds of buyouts a year. Their typical approach is to offer to buy a controlling stake in a company using leverage they obtained from banks based on the financials of that company.  Often times these firms commit very little of their own money to purchase the business.   With little cash invested, these deals create spectacular returns for the buyout firm.  

Buyout firms also collect large fees up front, as well as additional advisory fees while operating a company they've acquired, and a big share of the investment profits. The average annual management fee to do business with a private equity firm is about 1.5% to 2.5%. The average share of profits is about 20%.  While buyout firms give management ownership, it’s usually less than 20% of the company.  This type of buyout is the most common and is typically called a   Sponsored Leveraged Buyout, where the equity player is the “Sponsor.”

Next:  Non-Sponsored Buyouts

Learn About:  Management Buyout Services and Lantern Capital Advisors

Management Buyout (MBO)

Leveraged Buyout Financing

Lantern Capital Advisors helps management and minority shareholders execute leveraged and management buyouts that realize control of the business while allowing them to create significant value.

White Paper Library:

Management Buyout Strategy

“Creative Management Buyout Strategies”

Download from CFO.com 

August, 2008

Chris Risey - Atlanta

Abstract: 

Private equity firms particularly those that focus on buying smaller companies (less than $100 million in value), will often structure the financing of a buyout utilizing limited amounts of their own equity and aggressive debt structures. While such an approach can create spectacular returns for their investors, management and the sellers can often end up feeling shortchanged. Thankfully, owners and managers can use their own creative buyout strategies to create substantially more value for both buyer (management) and seller (owner).


Selling Your Company

“Selling Your Company:  How Selling Your Company To Management Can Be A Smart Exit Strategy”

Download from CFO.com 

April 2010

Chris Risey - Atlanta

Abstract: 

Business owners often overlook selling their company to management as a possible exit strategy.  But for solid companies with good cash flows, selling your company to management may yield a higher financial value for the owner and a much brighter future for the business, management, and the seller.  This white paper discusses the benefits of the strategy of selling to management, and illustrates it with an example of a company that successfully completed a leveraged management buyout after proactively pursuing other alternatives.

Management Buyout Topics

    

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SERVICES

Lantern Capital Advisors helps management and minority shareholders execute leveraged and management buyouts that realize control of the business while allowing them to create significant value.
Leveraged Buyouts and Management Buyouts
Private equity firms like the Carlyle Group, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and many others have made huge returns for investors through buyouts.  Using financial engineering and a lot of debt these firms buy companies with little money down.  While these types of transactions create spectacular returns for investors, they often shortchange the seller and management teams that drive the business.  Thankfully, owners and managers can use these same financial tactics to buy and sell their business and have the benefit accrue to them.  
How Most Buyouts are Done 
Private equity firms do hundreds of buyouts a year. Their typical approach is to offer to buy a controlling stake in a company using leverage they obtained from banks based on the financials of that company.  Often times these firms commit very little of their own money to purchase the business.   With little cash invested, these deals create spectacular returns for the buyout firm.  
Buyout firms also collect large fees up front, as well as additional advisory fees while operating a company they've acquired, and a big share of the investment profits. The average annual management fee to do business with a private equity firm is about 1.5% to 2.5%. The average share of profits is about 20%.  While buyout firms give management ownership, it’s usually less than 20% of the company.  This type of buyout is the most common and is typically called a   Sponsored Leveraged Buyout, where the equity player is the “Sponsor.”
Non-Sponsored Management Buyouts
For financially healthy businesses, there is another approach that utilizes the same financing techniques but management gains operating control.  In fact, management can end up owning 85% to 100% of the Company depending on the situation. These types of buyouts are called Non-Sponsored Leveraged Buyouts.
Keys to Non-Sponsored Buyouts
The process of completing a non-sponsored management buyout is pretty much like any other kind of business financing.  The key requirements for a successful non-sponsored buyout include:
Quality Company and Team – An ideal situation is for the buyer(s) to already be running a profitable business.  Common situations would be a CEO that buys a company from a passive owner or a limited partner buying out his or her majority partner(s).  The key is for would-be lenders or investors to have confidence in the management team once the owner walks about the door. 
Our experience encompasses helping managers and minority shareholders execute non-sponsored buyouts that realize control of the business while allowing them to create significant value.
Proactive Management – Many prospective buyers never ask for the opportunity to buy their owner’s business.  Many are reluctant because they are unfamiliar with the process or believe they can’t qualify for financing.   Interestingly, it’s the financials of the company, not the individuals that drive the ability to perform a non-sponsored buyout.  The best way to start such discussions is to informally ask if the owner is open to discussing it. Once you get a ‘yes’ (even a tentative ‘yes’), more homework can begin.    
Agreement on Purchase Price - Agreeing on a purchase price can be as complicated or as simple as both parties want to make it. Still, most small to mid-sized companies are valued at a multiple of between 4 to 7 times cash flow (commonly called ‘EBITDA’ – for earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization).   As an example a company that makes $2 million a year EBTIDA would be worth $10 million at a 5 multiple (5X).   Knowing this, the most direct way to get a price is to ask the owner their price.   Any purchase price within a 4 to 7 range will probably work. In fact, our experience has shown buyers will end up owning more through a non-sponsored buyout than a sponsored buyout even if they have to overpay some in order to buy the company.
Understanding of Financing Options - Most companies know they can get debt from banks and equity from buyout funds.  However, a there are a variety of lesser known funding sources such as subordinated debt lenders, insurance companies, corporate development companies, hedge funds and other specialty lenders that will lend beyond a traditional bank.  These are the same institutions that buyout firms use.  Depending on the economic climate many of these firms will lend up to and sometimes over 4 times cash flow (EBITDA).
Buyout Math: Putting it all together
Following the math here, if a buyer purchases a company for $10Million (5X EBITDA) and can borrow $8Million (4X EBITDA) they end up owning 80% of the Company.  Owners are satisfied because they get cash up front with no recourse. Buyers like it because they get control.  Also, most of these specialty lenders do not require personal guarantees limiting the downside risk to new owners.  Over time the owner’s remaining interest can be bought out, often at a higher valuation.  Most important, the value to all parties is directly driven by the buyer’s performance rather than financial engineering by outside investors.
Management Buyout Services and Lantern Capital Advisors
Lantern Capital Advisors works with management teams to evaluate a company’s business and potential for a leveraged buyout.  If it is believed that the future of the business provides a strong potential for success, Lantern Capital Advisors will work with management to draft a letter of intent (proposal) to purchase the Company from the owner.  Often one of the biggest road blocks to executing a management buyout is the owner’s belief whether management is a qualified buyer. To gain the confidence of management and the owner, Lantern Capital Advisors pre-qualifies the buyout with multiple potential lenders/investors prior to submitting a proposal to the owners so that both owner and buyer can feel confident a deal can get done.   Lantern Capital Advisors can also help management and owner identify an independent valuation firm to justify the purchase price both for the potential buyer and seller.
Once an owner accepts the letter of intent, Lantern Capital Advisors will work with management to draft a business plan and financing request to secure the needed capital.   Lantern Capital Advisors will arrange meetings with interested lenders and investors and will assist with the negotiations of all financing proposals. 
The goal is to find financing that optimizes management’s ownership potential and long term objectives.
Once the financing is in place, Lantern Capital Advisors works with the owners and management to monitor due diligence and close on the purchase transaction.  Lantern Capital Advisors can also coordinate with legal and accounting professionals to optimize the structure of the new company and purchase. This includes an analysis of a full or partial ESOP structure for the transaction.
How Lantern Capital Advisors is Compensated
Like all of our projects, Lantern Capital Advisors charges an hourly fee which is paid weighted towards the success of the overall project.  The project isn't complete until financing is obtained.  Our success as a firm depends on our ability to achieve successful results for our clients. 
Unlike most investment bankers and advisors, Lantern’s compensation is not based on the amount of financing raised or the overall purchase price of the Company. While that is a common industry practice, Lantern Capital Advisors believes this compensation structure presents a conflict of interest for our firm and works against the best interests of the management team.
Contact us to discuss your management buyout opportunity on a confidential basis.
White Paper Library:
Management Buyout Strategy
“Creative Management Buyout Strategies”
Download from CFO.com 
August, 2008
Chris Risey - Atlanta
Abstract: 
Private equity firms particularly those that focus on buying smaller companies (less than $100 million in value), will often structure the financing of a buyout utilizing limited amounts of their own equity and aggressive debt structures. While such an approach can create spectacular returns for their investors, management and the sellers can often end up feeling shortchanged. Thankfully, owners and managers can use their own creative buyout strategies to create substantially more value for both buyer (management) and seller (owner).


Acquisition Financing

Raising Debt or Equity

Lantern Capital Advisors helps management and minority shareholders execute leveraged and management buyouts that realize control of the business while allowing them to create significant value.
Leveraged Buyouts and Management Buyouts
Private equity firms like the Carlyle Group, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and many others have made huge returns for investors through buyouts.  Using financial engineering and a lot of debt these firms buy companies with little money down.  While these types of transactions create spectacular returns for investors, they often shortchange the seller and management teams that drive the business.  Thankfully, owners and managers can use these same financial tactics to buy and sell their business and have the benefit accrue to them.  
How Most Buyouts are Done 
Private equity firms do hundreds of buyouts a year. Their typical approach is to offer to buy a controlling stake in a company using leverage they obtained from banks based on the financials of that company.  Often times these firms commit very little of their own money to purchase the business.   With little cash invested, these deals create spectacular returns for the buyout firm.  
Buyout firms also collect large fees up front, as well as additional advisory fees while operating a company they've acquired, and a big share of the investment profits. The average annual management fee to do business with a private equity firm is about 1.5% to 2.5%. The average share of profits is about 20%.  While buyout firms give management ownership, it’s usually less than 20% of the company.  This type of buyout is the most common and is typically called a   Sponsored Leveraged Buyout, where the equity player is the “Sponsor.”
Non-Sponsored Management Buyouts
For financially healthy businesses, there is another approach that utilizes the same financing techniques but management gains operating control.  In fact, management can end up owning 85% to 100% of the Company depending on the situation. These types of buyouts are called Non-Sponsored Leveraged Buyouts.
Keys to Non-Sponsored Buyouts
The process of completing a non-sponsored management buyout is pretty much like any other kind of business financing.  The key requirements for a successful non-sponsored buyout include:
Quality Company and Team – An ideal situation is for the buyer(s) to already be running a profitable business.  Common situations would be a CEO that buys a company from a passive owner or a limited partner buying out his or her majority partner(s).  The key is for would-be lenders or investors to have confidence in the management team once the owner walks about the door. 
Our experience encompasses helping managers and minority shareholders execute non-sponsored buyouts that realize control of the business while allowing them to create significant value.
Proactive Management – Many prospective buyers never ask for the opportunity to buy their owner’s business.  Many are reluctant because they are unfamiliar with the process or believe they can’t qualify for financing.   Interestingly, it’s the financials of the company, not the individuals that drive the ability to perform a non-sponsored buyout.  The best way to start such discussions is to informally ask if the owner is open to discussing it. Once you get a ‘yes’ (even a tentative ‘yes’), more homework can begin.    
Agreement on Purchase Price - Agreeing on a purchase price can be as complicated or as simple as both parties want to make it. Still, most small to mid-sized companies are valued at a multiple of between 4 to 7 times cash flow (commonly called ‘EBITDA’ – for earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization).   As an example a company that makes $2 million a year EBTIDA would be worth $10 million at a 5 multiple (5X).   Knowing this, the most direct way to get a price is to ask the owner their price.   Any purchase price within a 4 to 7 range will probably work. In fact, our experience has shown buyers will end up owning more through a non-sponsored buyout than a sponsored buyout even if they have to overpay some in order to buy the company.
Understanding of Financing Options - Most companies know they can get debt from banks and equity from buyout funds.  However, a there are a variety of lesser known funding sources such as subordinated debt lenders, insurance companies, corporate development companies, hedge funds and other specialty lenders that will lend beyond a traditional bank.  These are the same institutions that buyout firms use.  Depending on the economic climate many of these firms will lend up to and sometimes over 4 times cash flow (EBITDA).
Buyout Math: Putting it all together
Following the math here, if a buyer purchases a company for $10Million (5X EBITDA) and can borrow $8Million (4X EBITDA) they end up owning 80% of the Company.  Owners are satisfied because they get cash up front with no recourse. Buyers like it because they get control.  Also, most of these specialty lenders do not require personal guarantees limiting the downside risk to new owners.  Over time the owner’s remaining interest can be bought out, often at a higher valuation.  Most important, the value to all parties is directly driven by the buyer’s performance rather than financial engineering by outside investors.
Management Buyout Services and Lantern Capital Advisors
Lantern Capital Advisors works with management teams to evaluate a company’s business and potential for a leveraged buyout.  If it is believed that the future of the business provides a strong potential for success, Lantern Capital Advisors will work with management to draft a letter of intent (proposal) to purchase the Company from the owner.  Often one of the biggest road blocks to executing a management buyout is the owner’s belief whether management is a qualified buyer. To gain the confidence of management and the owner, Lantern Capital Advisors pre-qualifies the buyout with multiple potential lenders/investors prior to submitting a proposal to the owners so that both owner and buyer can feel confident a deal can get done.   Lantern Capital Advisors can also help management and owner identify an independent valuation firm to justify the purchase price both for the potential buyer and seller.
Once an owner accepts the letter of intent, Lantern Capital Advisors will work with management to draft a business plan and financing request to secure the needed capital.   Lantern Capital Advisors will arrange meetings with interested lenders and investors and will assist with the negotiations of all financing proposals. 
The goal is to find financing that optimizes management’s ownership potential and long term objectives.
Once the financing is in place, Lantern Capital Advisors works with the owners and management to monitor due diligence and close on the purchase transaction.  Lantern Capital Advisors can also coordinate with legal and accounting professionals to optimize the structure of the new company and purchase. This includes an analysis of a full or partial ESOP structure for the transaction.
How Lantern Capital Advisors is Compensated
Like all of our projects, Lantern Capital Advisors charges an hourly fee which is paid weighted towards the success of the overall project.  The project isn't complete until financing is obtained.  Our success as a firm depends on our ability to achieve successful results for our clients. 
Unlike most investment bankers and advisors, Lantern’s compensation is not based on the amount of financing raised or the overall purchase price of the Company. While that is a common industry practice, Lantern Capital Advisors believes this compensation structure presents a conflict of interest for our firm and works against the best interests of the management team.
Contact us to discuss your management buyout opportunity on a confidential basis.
White Paper Library:
Management Buyout Strategy
“Creative Management Buyout Strategies”
Download from CFO.com 
August, 2008
Chris Risey - Atlanta
Abstract: 
Private equity firms particularly those that focus on buying smaller companies (less than $100 million in value), will often structure the financing of a buyout utilizing limited amounts of their own equity and aggressive debt structures. While such an approach can create spectacular returns for their investors, management and the sellers can often end up feeling shortchanged. Thankfully, owners and managers can use their own creative buyout strategies to create substantially more value for both buyer (management) and seller (owner).


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